Hypo-B-50 100 Tabs

As coenzymes, the B vitamins are essentialcomponents in most major metabolic reactions. Aswater-soluble substances, B vitamins are notgenerally stored in the body in any appreciableamounts (with the exception of vitamin B-12).Therefore, the body needs an adequate supply of Bvitamins on a daily basis.Vitamin B-1 (thiamin), vitamin B-2 (riboflavin), andniacinamide are all essential coenzymes in energyproduction. Thiamine is required for the energetics ofthe glycolytic and Citric Acid Cycle reactions.Thiamin is also related to nerve impulsetransmission. Riboflavin is a component ofcoenzymes FAD and FMN, which are intermediatesin many redox reactions, including energy productionand cellular respiration reactions. Niacin is acomponent of the coenzymes NAD and NADP,which are also integral components of energyproduction reactions.Vitamin B-6 dependent enzymes are required for thebiosynthesis of many neurotransmitters, includingserotonin, epinephrine, and norepinephrine. VitaminB-6, a coenzyme in amino acid metabolism, is alsonecessary for the processing of homocysteine and theconversion of tryptophan into niacin.Folic acid together with vitamin B-12 serves as amethyl donor for biosynthetic reactions, including theconversion of homocysteine to methionine.Optimum metabolism of proteins, carbohydrates, andfats depends upon adequate levels of biotin andpantothenic acid. Biotin is essential for manymetabolic carboxylation reactions, while pantothenicacid, as part of Coenzyme A, is essential to energyproduction via the Citric Acid Cycle.While not truly vitamins, choline, inositol, and paraaminobenzoicacid are important, related nutrients toB vitamins. Choline serves not only as a methyldonor for homocysteine metabolism following conversion to betaine, but also as a structuralcomponent of cellular membranes asphosphatidylcholine and of the neurotransmitteracetylcholine. Inositol aids in the cellular response tohormonal signals, serves as a source of arachidonicacid, and is active in cellular membranes asphoshatidylinositol. Finally, para-aminobenzoic acidis an integral component of folic acid as well ashaving antioxidant properties.